(a) few , (a) little

1.Few is used with plural nouns; little is used with singular uncountable nouns. Few ใช้กับคำนามพหูพจน์ Little ใช้ กับคำนามนับไม่ได้
   Few politicicans realize the importance of solar energy.  I have little interest in politics.

2.Without articles, Few and Little usually have rather negative meanings.They often suggest 'not as much /many as one would like'. or 'not as much /many  as expected; or a similar idea. Few and Little ใช้ในความหมายว่า มีน้อยกว่าต้องการ คาดหวัง
  The average MP has little real  power.
Few people can speak a foreign language  perfectly.

3.A few and a little are more positive: their meaning is closer to 'some'.They often suggest idea like 'better than nothing' or 'more than expected.' A few/a little มีน้อย แต่มีมากกว่าที่คาดหวัง
  Would you like a little champage?
  You don't  need to go shopping . There are a few eggs in the fridge,and  I 've got a little bread and cheese-it'll  be enough for supper.
Compare:
His theory is very difficult: few people understand it.
His theory is very difficult ,but a few people understand it.

4.Note that few and little (without articles) are unusaul in an informal style. We usually prefer to say not many , not much , only a few or only a little. few/little ไม่ค่อยใช้กับ informal style มักใช้ not many,not much , only a few/ only a little มากกว่า
 Come on!  We haven't got much time!
 Only a few people are perfectly  bilingual.

5.Only placed before a little / a few emphasizess that the number or amount really is small in the speaker'sopintin. : Only a few of our customers have accounts.เมื่อมี only ว่างไว้หน้า few/little เน้นว่า จำนวนน้อย ในความคิดของผู้พูด

 6.But quite places before a few  increases the number considerablely:   I have quite a few books on art.(quite a lot of books) เมื่อมี quite วางไว้หน้า few เพิ่มจำนวน บอกว่ามีมาก